Leading Change - Book Review - 3624 Words

Book Review â€Å"Leading Change† by John Kotter 1996 Review by Chris Shea John P. Kotter is internationally known and widely regarded as the foremost speaker on the topics of leadership and change. He is the premier voice on how the best organizations actually achieve successful transformations. The Konosuke Matsushita Professor of Leadership, Emeritus at the Harvard Business School and a graduate of MIT and Harvard, Kotter’s vast experience and knowledge on successful change and leadership have been proven time and time again. The book Leading Change looks at an eight stage process for implementing successful transformations in today’s firms as well as the eight errors that are common to change efforts. The ideas and methods in this book†¦show more content†¦To avoid these hazards and capitalize on the opportunities the companies of today need to become stronger competitors. To become the 21st century organization that will succeed some of the transformations needed include reengineering, restructuring, quality programs, mergers and acquisitions and strategic and cultural change. Useful change is often associated with a multi-step process that creates power and motivation significant enough to overwhelm all the sources of inertia and driven by high quality leadership and not just management. Kotter states that the eight steps required to produce successful change are; (1) Establishing a sense of urgency; (2)Creating the guiding coalition; (3) Developing a vision and strategy; (4) Communicating the change vision; (5) Empowering broad-based action; (6) Generating short term wins; (7) Consolidating gains and producing more change; (8) Anchoring new approaches in the culture. Kotter goes on to suggest the first four steps in the process serve to defrost a hardened status quo, steps five to seven introduce new practices and the last phase grounds the change in the corporate culture. It’s important to go through all of the steps in sequence however normally one operates in multiple phases at once. To skip a s tep or get to far ahead without the establishment of a solid base will almost always lead to problems. There areShow MoreRelatedImplementation Of Implementing Change And Developing Worldwide Rivalry1452 Words   |  6 PagesIMPLEMENTING CHANGE Introduction: Businesses are constantly required to adapt to changing environment in order to maintain their position in the market and even more so if they are to truly grow.† (Biedenbacha and Soumlderholma, 2008). Changes are the crucial things in â€Å"the present market, the present rate of technological progress and growing and developing worldwide rivalry let us predict a proceeding with requirement change in future. (Armenakis and Harris, 2009). The writer says change never beginsRead MoreEssay on Reality-Based Leadership ~ My Opinion1554 Words   |  7 PagesReality-Based Leadership Review Though out this paper I will provide my opinion on how accurate Cy Wakeman’s book Reality-Based Leadership is in the workplace. I will attempt to provide my honest and professional opinion about the techniques Ms. Wakeman outlines in her book about leadership. In my opinion the Reality-Based Leadership book is broken down into three main points which are; managing versus leading, leading your employees and yourself, and delegating your authority. During theseRead MoreEssay on Unit1 Case Study748 Words   |  3 Pages* Readings In your Leading Organizations textbook by Hickman, read: * In Part 1, The Environment of New Era Organizations: * Chapter 1, Inevitable Strategies, pages 4–13. * Chapter 3, Creating the Environmentally Aware Organization, pages 21–36. * Chapter 4, How to Make Sense of Weak Signals, pages 37–4 7. These chapters provide you the large analytical tools and terminology to collect and analyze trends. In the Capella library, read: Read MoreUse Of Metaphor Intervention : A New Approach For Working With Systems Divided By Conflict And Caught Essay827 Words   |  4 PagesAbbott, H. Porter 2007. Story, plot, and narration.In The Cambridge companion to narrative, ed. David Herman, 39-51. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press Armenakis, Achilles A., and Arthur G. Bedeian. 1992. The role of metaphors in organizational change. Group and Organization Management, 17: 242-248. Armstrong, David.1992.Managing by storying around: A new method of leadership. New York: Currency. Barrett, Frank J., and David L. Cooperrider 1990. Generative metaphor intervention: A new behavioralRead More1816 : America Rising Analysis1344 Words   |  6 Pageswell-sourced and well-argued book centering on why the year 1816 was a pivotal moment in the history of the United States politically. With the United States finally coming into peace following the War of 1812, author C. Edward Skeen highlights the politics and growth beginning to transform the landscape of the country. By utilizing numerous and various primary sources such as newspapers to congressional debates to personal letters, Skeen presents a comprehensively sourced book that provides depth whileRead MoreCritique on Leadership: A Communication Perspective918 Words   |  4 PagesCritique on Leadership: A Communication Perspective Summary â€Å"Effective leadership is the product of the creation and delivery of inspiring and compelling messages.† (Hackman Johnson, 2009, p. 336). This book is a comprehensive review of historical insights, current theories and recent research on leadership theories and leadership issues, with an emphasis upon how effective leaders communicate. Leadership: A Communication Perspective is based on the current and somewhat American idea thatRead MoreEssay Move Yourself Book Review1050 Words   |  5 PagesGet Moving: Review of â€Å"Move Yourself† Shauntay Langel University of Texas at Arlington N3335 Health Promotion Across the Lifespan Online RN-BSN July 30, 2012 Get Moving: Review of â€Å"Move Yourself† Part I: Book â€Å"Move Yourself† is a book written by Tedd Mitchell, Tim Church, and Martin Zucker in 2008 about the benefits of exercise. The book also outlines steps that can be taken to slowly improve exercise behaviors for those of any activity level, based on the exercise research performed byRead MoreChallenges in Managing Organizational Changes1080 Words   |  4 PagesChallenges faced when managing change The making of changes within an organization in a planned, systematic, and managed fashion is referred to as managing change. The main aim of managing change is to effectively implement new systems or methods in the organization. Managing change involves managing the employees and managing the impact of change on employees. To ensure an organization keeps up with changing times, it is important for the organization to change. Employee resistance The greatestRead MoreEssay on â€Å"Leading Change: Why Transformation Efforts Fail†868 Words   |  4 Pagesacknowledge the need to experience change and transformation in order to survive. The key challenges companies face are due to the advancements in technology, the social environment caused by globalization, the pace of competition, and the demands regarding customer expectations. It is difficult to overcome the obstacles involved with change despite all the articles, books, and publications devoted to the topic. People are naturally resistant to fundamental changes and often intimidated by the process;Read MoreThe Shining And Misery : What Makes A Film Adaptation Great?1148 Words   |  5 Pagesundergone many changes under the direction of Stanley Kubrick. Numerous tangible differences such as the iconic hotel room number being 237, not 217, the protagonist’s name where in the book is called John Daniel Torrance, instead of Jack Torrance, how Wendy is a brunett e in the film not a blonde, and the son Danny’s imaginary friend Tony can be seen in the book instead of only personified in finger movements as it is in the film, and many more (Flint). But the most notably change is the portrayal

Essay on Feminists, Stereotypes and Stereotyping in the...

Feminists and Media Stereotypes The media portrays feminists in unflattering ways. Largely because of the media portrayal, the word feminist usually evokes images of crass, butch, men-hating, very masculine women. Many women believe in the feminist doctrine, but they would never consider themselves as a feminist because they cannot relate to the images of crass, butch, men-hating, masculine women. In fact, it has only been within the past year that Ive been able to accept the fact that I am a feminist and that my preconceived images of feminists are merely media stereotypes. Im now able to admit I care more about my own rights than whether or not someone will assume I fit the media stereotype of a feminsit.†¦show more content†¦We wager an apple that the ladies referred to are not beautiful or accomplished. Nine out of ten of them are undoubtedly pass, they have hook-billed noses, crows feet under their sunken eyes....A doctor reacting to feminist agitation characterized such degenerate women by their low voices, hirsute bodies, and small breasts. According to (author, Peter) Gay, Feminists were denigrated as failed women, half-men, hens that crow... humor magazines and hostile legislators everywhere broadcast a frightening picture of appalling masculine harridans haranguing the House of Commons.(Wolf, 68) * Who would want to be associated with such a group? Who would want others to think less of them because theyre involved with a group of ugly small-breasted repulsive women? Over time, the number of women willing to stand-up to the stereotype and count themselves as feminists has grown, but this offensive myth still keeps some women away. People simply do not want to be associated with a group that has such stereotypes. Some women today are willing to call themselves feminists, stereotypes be damned. Yet many others need to show that they are still feminine despite the fact that they are feminists. There are feminine feminist web rings on the web. One such ring lists its mission statement as, * Over the years the words feminism andShow MoreRelatedA Look at Various Stereotypes Essay1663 Words   |  7 PagesStereotyping can be a deliberate or an unintentional generalization; an assignment of a negative or positive attribute or attributes to any group of people. It is a tool used to persuade others to a cause. Of the five AdChoices groups in the assignment, politicians are unique that they will readily stereotype one another in their quest for a vote or to influence voting. Watch CSPAN and see firsthand first class rhetorical analogy and definitions, all sorts of rhetorical devices such as dysphemismRead MoreMedia Portrayal Of Gender Stereotypes1268 Words   |  6 Pages Gender stereotyping is usually used in media to improve character traits and create humorous circumstances. When stereotypes are present in popular television shows, audience assume those messages of gender, making it difficult to counter stereotypical behavior. This paper emphasis on gender roles in popular media and it’s important for analysts and educators to identify stereotypical interpretations. Using feminist theory, media depictions can be understood and studiedRead More Gender Differences and Gender Stereotypes from a Psychological Perspective1085 Words   |  5 PagesGender Differences and Gender Ste reotypes from a Psychological Perspective Gender Differences and Gender Stereotypes Gender differences and gender stereotypes are fascinating in that one must sift through the theories, assumptions and inevitable confusion to distinguish the reality from the assumption. Men and women are obviously different, especially inherently, but how? And why? And which differences are more individualized than generalized? Even more interesting is to observe how theRead MoreMedia And Stereotyping On Gender Stereotypes1395 Words   |  6 Pagesportrayals of women in these ads were never seen by any of the informants as sexist or inappropriate, contrary to the researcher s own introspection. Dominant Culture Stereotyping on Pinterest | Gender Stereotypes ... It was about time someone addressed the phrase â€Å"like a girl†. It’s full of negativity and perpetuates the stereotype that the way women do things is inferior to the way men do them. So, hold high the foam finger of feminism for this advert that was screened in the Super Bowl, for tacklingRead More`` Eat Like A Man, Man : The Advertisement For Their New Texas Double Whopper Burger1473 Words   |  6 PagesWhopper burger. This brief but influential advert left its viewers wondering whether their diet was masculine or feminine. Within the advertisement, Burger King establishes a theme of power and masculinity, promoting gender roles and stereotypes while belittling the feminist movement through making a mockery of it. The theme of masculinity and power is very apparent within the ad as throughout the entire video, a group of mainly muscular men unite in order to satisfy their manly appetite. This is conveyedRead MoreThe Walt Disney Corporation1698 Words   |  7 Pagessub-conscious. [Animation] works its audience magic purely on a purely subconscious level† (401). According to Towbin et al., â€Å"children’s development is influenced by many factors, including parents, teachers, and peers. [The] accumulated experience [of media exposure] contributes to the cultivation of a child’s values, beliefs, dreams, and expectations, which shape the adult identity a child will carry and modify through his or her life† (20). Though the importance of friendship and helping others is stronglyRead MoreEssay on Gender Stereotype538 Words   |  3 PagesGender Stereotype According to the writers in chapter, â€Å"Gender Stereotyping And the Media†, gender stereotypes are harmful to men and women. Gender stereotypes set impossible standards for men and women that lead to unhappiness, loneliness and possibly violence towards themselves. Stereotypes affect relationships between a man and a woman. Moreover, stereotypes dictate the behavior of boys and girls that lead to violence. Rather than combating gender stereotypes, our society reinforcesRead MoreWhat Makes An Effective Social Theory? Essay1465 Words   |  6 PagesTo reinforce the concept of difference in a social movement Baum suggests that what makes an effective social theory, including feminist theory is it understands the social and political arrangements of the people situated in the argument. So that understanding then helps shape the processes the theory must then go through (Baum 1087), because feminism is fighting for something so big, gender equality, it affects at least half of the population, and not one person s situation will be completelyRead MoreGender Stereotypes In The Media1207 Words   |  5 Pages Gender Stereotypes are everywhere in the world. This paper will focus on the formation of Gender stereotypes through different media sources. The media sources that will be used include television shows, movies and magazines. Thus the paper will also explore the effect that gender stereotyping may have on development of a person’s social and individual identity. There were many different media sources that I used to see where Gender Stereotypes were predominant. First of all I reviewed differentRead MoreGender And The Media By Rosalind Gill1596 Words   |  7 Pages Book Review of Gender and the Media by Rosalind Gill Gender and the Media by Rosalind Gill addresses gender stereotypes that are brought onto women and men through the media resulting in objectification and subjectification. Gill discusses how the representation of gender is altered as a result of the media in Western societies. Gender and the Media is aimed to address the rapid transmission of media and how those changes affect the construction of feminine and masculine gender roles in society

Photography and Pinhole Camera Free Essays

9/20/2011 11H | Rashad C. Collie| The Pinhole Camera| The Pinhole Camera| How to build a pinhole camera Materials needed:1. Ruler 2. We will write a custom essay sample on Photography and Pinhole Camera or any similar topic only for you Order Now Sturdy cardboard box 3. Black tape 4. Black paper 5. Black paint 6. No. 10 sewing needle 7. Craft knife 8. Aluminum foil 9. Film or photographic paper Instructions:1. Make sure your container is light-proof and allows no light leaks. Cover up any holes, cracks or crevices with black tape, but leave an opening such as a flap to insert and remove film. Boxes should be made of durable cardboard or stiff paper, and lids and flaps should close securely. . Black out your camera. Line the inside of the box with black paper to prevent reflections and to protect against unwanted light filtering through. Preventing light seepage is important, as the light you do allow in to the camera should be very controlled. 3. Cut a ? -inch hole opposite the box opening with a craft knife. Make the pinhole by puncturing a number 10 sewing needle through a small square of aluminum foil measuring about 3-by-2 inches, rotating the needle as you push it through. Stop pushing the needle through when it is half way in. Tape the foil over the ? -inch hole on the inside of the box. Kodak recommends positioning the pinhole 3 to 6 inches from where the film will be placed. 4. Make the shutter by taping a piece of opaque black paper over the pinhole. You can make a shutter from wood or plastic by screwing it onto the body so that it covers the pinhole completely when not in use. 5. Load the film into the box in a completely darkened room. Use a small square of photographic paper or sheet film like Kodak Tri-X Pan Professional Film. A typical box arger than 3-by-4 inches will need film or paper that measures about 2? -by-3? inches; simply cut to size. Load the film so that the shiny (emulsion) side faces the pinhole. Tape the film or paper down at the corners so that it does not come loose. 6. Exposure refers to the amount of time that film or paper is exposed to light when taking the picture. Keep your camera as steady as possible when taking the picture; you may need to set it down on a flat surface. T he exposure time varies from 2 to 8 minutes for photographic paper and from 1 to 8 seconds for film. Choose the lower end of the spectrum for bright light conditions and the higher end for a cloudy day or dim lighting. Develop as normal. How does a pinhole camera work? A pinhole camera is a simple camera without lens and has a small hole to let light in called an aperture. A pinhole camera is an effectively light-proof with a small hole in one side. Light passes through the aperture and projects an upside-down image on the opposite side of the box. The smaller the hole the smaller and sharper the image will be that is projected. How to cite Photography and Pinhole Camera, Papers

A comparison and analysis of The Red Room, The Monkyes Paw and the Signalman Essay Example For Students

A comparison and analysis of The Red Room, The Monkyes Paw and the Signalman Essay This essay will compare and analyse the Red Room, The Monkeys Paw and the Signalman and will look at how each author build up tension and suspense. We are exposed to graphic imagery everyday in books, films etc and so is a common thing to us but people in the pre 20th century who were shocked by the tension created by the authors were as when we watch or read a book or film with tension in it we usually know when to expect it. When making a scary film, it is a lot easier to make a viewer scared as you can use music, sound effects, surprise elements and many other attributions, however, when writing a book the whole approach seems to be completely different. The writers have no special effects or music to tempt the reader, so they use very strong expressions and describe the scenery enough for you to feel you are actually there and have a picture of the scene in your mind. This also gives your imagination the chance to play a part which can sometimes be the more elaborate and chilling in design then the original description. In the Monkeys Pay the author starts by describing the night, the night was cold and wet, this is a typical ghost story setting and instantly knows that it is a sign of danger and some sort of trouble. At the start we see a close competition of chess between father and son. This competition is also cosy and safe. However in The Red Room, H.G. Wells gets the story started on the main topic straight away. In the opening paragraph he mentions ghosts and hints death by describing the womans eyes as pale eyes which is associated with death. Many subtle threats are made in the first paragraph, It is your own choosing, which is repeated twice and she swayed her head slowly from side to side. Also in the opening of the story we see a servant/master relationship between the first two characters which we were introduced to. The opening line Halloa! Below there! plunges us immediately into the story, telling us that we must be attentive in order to follow the story. It also makes our imagination start to ask questions, for example; who is saying this? Who are they speaking to? This is a good method to gradually build up tension. The ghosts repetitive behavior makes us feel anxious. The ghost always shouts, Halloa! Below there! He waves his arm and covers his eyes. Dickens portrayal of the tunnel and the cutting is very detailed, and is expressed through use of onametipeigei words. For instance; zigzag and gloomy these words get an apparent image of the cutting and this tunnel, resulting in us feeling we are involved in the story. The signalmans appearance is quite peculiar as is his behavior. He looks at the bell when it does not ring and talks of a ghost. His eyebrows are thick and his skin tone is odd. Painting a picture of a mysterious looking man. When we hear the signalmans story, it is one with such a horrific plot that we become drawn in. When the author continuously interrupts it, we become more anxious and become desperate to hear the rest of the story. Dickens use of painful personification, like angry sunset and violent pulsation contributes greatly to the stories impact. Short sentences and repetition also make us feel tense. Possibly the fact that Dickens does not give the signalman a name shows that he is considered unimportant to most people. Dickens may want us to argue against this view and to think that all human beings are important. .ue025233820131971778702d2132fed75 , .ue025233820131971778702d2132fed75 .postImageUrl , .ue025233820131971778702d2132fed75 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ue025233820131971778702d2132fed75 , .ue025233820131971778702d2132fed75:hover , .ue025233820131971778702d2132fed75:visited , .ue025233820131971778702d2132fed75:active { border:0!important; } .ue025233820131971778702d2132fed75 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ue025233820131971778702d2132fed75 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ue025233820131971778702d2132fed75:active , .ue025233820131971778702d2132fed75:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ue025233820131971778702d2132fed75 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ue025233820131971778702d2132fed75 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ue025233820131971778702d2132fed75 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ue025233820131971778702d2132fed75 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ue025233820131971778702d2132fed75:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ue025233820131971778702d2132fed75 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ue025233820131971778702d2132fed75 .ue025233820131971778702d2132fed75-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ue025233820131971778702d2132fed75:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Bean Trees By Kingsolver EssayDickens uses his narrative style to set the scene and describe the movement of characters. The narrator describes the railway cutting signal box as a solitary and dismal place, with dripping wet walls of jagged stone, and appeals to our senses by saying that that the tunnel has an earthy, deadly smell. The narrator also observes the signalman attentively and describes his movement. The following quotes from The Signalman show this, He was several times interrupted by the little bell, and had to read off messages and send replies, he continues, I observed him to be remarkably exact and vigilant, breaking off his disclosure at a syllable, and re maining silent until what he had to do was finished. This allows us to imagine that we are in the room with the signalman, watching him as he works, noting every detail of his movement and actions. Dickens writing style makes us feel we are actually there, watching the events of the story. The following quote describes demonstrates the effects of Dickens narrative style, it was made through a clammy stone that became oozier and wetter as I went down. This allows us to feel as if we are walking down the zigzag path. Although this is very realistic, this style has limits. This also adds to the mysterious atmosphere.

Short Story Essay Example

Short Story Essay Short Story Name: Course: Date: We will write a custom essay sample on Short Story specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Short Story specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Short Story specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Short Story Thomas Milan always woke up in the morning feeling fresh and tranquil. Each new day, Thomas always woke up surrounded by a bevy of beautiful women, one on either side, their arms draped across his magnificent chest as if never wanting to let the Adonis go. After all, which sane woman, could let the one and only son of the richest man in the world, Fabiano Monte Glazlo, leave without gaining something from him? A simple autograph on the skins of these women was enough to sweep them away into the land of celebrities that was usually conceptualized by the aspect of fame. Indeed, every person wants fame, even the beggar on the street who puts placards with the words, â€Å"Jesus is coming† scribbled in an unkempt and hasty manner on his frail body desires fame. Dwelling on the subject of fame, Milan was indeed popular. Stick with him and you would find yourself on the cover of The New York Times, Vogue and even The Source despite the magazine’s assertion that it only catered for African American talent. Standing at 6 feet, Milan was always the center of attraction in his parochial school. The girls adored him, the teachers praised him, but not for his academic excellence and the boys? They always hated him but Milan always told them in his heavy Italian accent, â€Å"Don’t hate the player, hate the game†. At the age of 22, Milan was living the life most youth dreamt of: fast cars, sexual escapades and wealth. Anything that Milan wanted, he always got it at the snap of his finger. Be it girls, friends, clothes: everything circled on the palm of his hand. The young Adonis always took advantage of women since he knew that girls would always stoop low whenever he asks them for a one-night stand. His father, while surrounded by a bevy of excellent foreign prostitutes, always berated him for bringing different girls to home each night warning him of the dreaded HIV virus. To Milan, living life on the edge was what God intended for people like him, people born with a silver spoon in their mouth. However, things were not going to be that same after Milan, in his usual sex jaunts, brought home a rather peculiar girl he had always had his eyes on for a while. One night with Mary Ashley would change Milan’s life for eternity. That night, the sky was covered by dark nimbus clouds that were ready to unleash a terror of stupefying rain, the thunder coupled with instantaneous lightning crackled with a mighty roar while the trees swayed violently from side to side as the leaves pulled out from their branches in protest as the wind carried them away from their branches. Milan and Mary hastily hopped out of the Aston Martin Glazlo had bought for him on his twentieth birthday and scoured hurriedly across the bronze brazen steps of the house. The minute they entered the majestic house reminiscent of an English castle, Milan called out for his father, but there was no response. â€Å"Nina.., Jaffrey, Sawyer!†, Milan’s tenor voice echoed in the house as he called out for his chaperones but they were not in the house. â€Å"It seems they have already left,† said Milan as he lustily gazed at Mary as she dried off her black gothic hair. Together, they hurried up the stairs taking off their clothes one by one while kissing. As soon as they entered Milan’s master bedroom, which was the size of a bungalow, Milan jumped on his bed, naked and jittery as a school kid about to be given candy, all sprawled out and ready to have a passionate night. Ashley smiled and then turned, closed the door under lock and key and advanced slowly towards Milan taking off her clothes one by one and as soon as she jumped on the bed, a knife dug into Milan’s chest. The element of surprise was upon the young man, he was motionless, his eyes popped out, it was as if he was not feeling the pain of the cold hard steel in his heart. â€Å"Why Ash, why?†, Milan slowly asked as he peered at the hand that wielded the blade. There was no mistaking it: it was Mary’s hand; sweet, funny and beautiful Mary’s hand. â€Å"Remember me lover boy? The girl you raped and dumped in a garbage bin!† Sweet and warm Mary was now Dark, twisted and furious Ashley. â€Å"B†¦But, I th†¦thought y..y..ou d..i..ed?† Milan retorted in difficulty as the blood hastily seeped out of his chest. â€Å"I knew you’d say that, but two years of plastic surgery surely did a lot!†, Ashley replied bearing a malevolent smile across a rosy and beautiful visage. â€Å"Karma did a number on you this time! You cannot go around messing with innocent people’s lives just because you have a little bit of money and expect everything to be jolly as usual. Payback!† Ashley screamed as she drove the blade further in Milan’s chest. â€Å"Bye handsome, greet the Devil for me!† Ashley said as she kissed him on the cheek and walked out of the white tiled room. Milan did not understand what had happened. What was more astonishing was the fact that he did not feel any pain. All of a sudden, cold icy water splattered across his face. â€Å"What in heaven’s name is wrong with you?! You were screaming at the top of your lungs!† his father said as he stepped out of his room. â€Å"Get dressed, we are late!† his father’s voice echoed as he descended the stairs. Milan was dumbfounded, a few minutes past; he had a knife stuck in his chest. Immediately he gazed at his chest only to find nothing like that. Sighing with relief, he woke up, said a prayer, which he never did, and woke up hurriedly ready to go to the annual school meeting. â€Å"It was just a dream, just a dream.† Milan thought as he went into the bathroom. Short Story Essay Example Short Story Essay Literature contains an interesting plot that should include a situation between two things, which is called conflict. Conflict is a very important element in literature. In Richard Connell’s â€Å"The Most Dangerous Game† the main character goes through many conflicts to survive. In Richard Wright’s â€Å"The Rights to the Streets of Memphis† a boy named Richard is kicked out of his house to buy the groceries, but a gang tries to beat him up on the way. The boy has to build up his courage and face the gang. In both Richard Connell’s â€Å"The Most Dangerous Game† and Richard Wright’s â€Å"The Rights to the Streets of Memphis†, there are important internal and external conflicts throughout the story that are being created as the characters try to survive. Being washed up on a mysterious island and getting hunted down by crazy man are some examples of conflict in â€Å"The Most Dangerous Game†. â€Å"Your brain against mine. Your woodcraft against mine. Your strength and stamina against mine† (Connell 74). This quote from the story shows the external conflict between Rainsford and General Zaroff. The General is challenging him to a battle to the death. â€Å"The cat was coming again to play with the mouse† (Connell 77). This shows how the General is like the predator hunting down its prey. Rainsford is trying his best to survive. â€Å"Only the devil himself could follow that complicated trail through the jungle after dark† (Connell 76). This quote is an example of the conflict that Rainsford is going through with the jungle. This is an example of man vs. nature. Rainsford is thinking that the jungle is very hard to navigate through, which is an obstacle. We will write a custom essay sample on Short Story specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Short Story specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Short Story specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The main conflict in this story is Rainsford trying to survive. Getting beat up can teach you a couple of lessons. In â€Å"The Rights to the Streets of Memphis† the main character goes through a few conflicts. The poor little boy named Richard gets kicked out of his house to buy the groceries, but a gang gets in his way. The boy’s mother states â€Å"Go on and don’t pay any attention to them† (Wright 121). The mother is trying to her son into a grown up. She wants him to stand up for himself. This shows the love she has for Richard. â€Å"If these boys bother you, then fight† (Wright 121). Richard’s mother has no other choice but to let him fight, otherwise he will act as a little boy for the rest of his life. This is an example of external conflict because Richard is going to fight the other kids. â€Å"Don’t you come into this house until you’ve gotten those groceries† (Wright 121). This is an example of internal conflict because Richard has a choice of either staying home and get beat by his mother, or to go fight the gang. Richard found that the best way is to fight the gang and stand up for himself. In both of these conflicts, Richard is trying to survive. Conflict is a very important literary element in both of these short stories. It is one of the many literary elements that play a major role in a story’s plot by creating a complication between two things. Both Rainsford and Richard had to choose whether they want to survive or not. Rainsford survives by fighting back. Richard also learns that he needs to fight back. In both Richard Connell’s â€Å"The Most Dangerous Game† and Richard Wright’s â€Å"The Rights to the Streets of Memphis† conflict is a vital element that challenges the characters to survive.

Platos theory on ideal world essays

Platos theory on ideal world essays Although Platos theory of the ideal world is rather different from Pythagoras philosophy of numbers it shares a lot of the same principles. As Plato came after Pythagoras he took up a lot of Pythagorass thoughts and believes. What gave rise the Pythagorean sect was the peoples yearning for some new form of religion that was both purifying and immortal. As the only other alternative they had as to the fear of the gods, was the religious believes of Dionysus. The Pythagoreans where quite concerned with this so they turned to science and mathematical study, which they concidered as the best perch for the soul. This here would most probably be the largest contrast between the two, as Plato was a rational philosopher while Pythagoras is an empiricist. Being a rational philosopher meant that Plato found answers outside of this world and did not have to look in nature or any other type of science to find the right answer as he believed in the ideal world. In this ideal world Plato says that everything in it is pure and immortal, as it can not perish like a beautiful flower or a good deed, but is eternal like the concept beauty and goodness in itself. While on the other hand the Pythagoreans said that in science and mathematics they saw a model of life that was more pure than any other. So although they both had the same concept of the model or ideal and pure life the main difference between the two was that Plato believed while Pythagoras use something more tangible so to speak and came up with numbers. His whole idea of numbers came from music as he said that music is the best purifier for the soul as it can create a harmony in a persons interior life especially because music is highly therapeutic with certain nervous disorders. The reason he says that everything is made up of numbers is because music is a juggle of numbers and if properly juggled it will create harmony. ...

Autobiograhy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Autobiograhy - Essay Example In this case, this was a situation when one of his subordinates arrived late for work that morning, as he tried to explain the manager shouted at him. However, this agitated the subordinate given since it was embracing to him since it was in the midst of other employees. The argument escalated, though it was resolved by assistant manager who had conflict management skills. The other case involved a conflict between groups during a project, whereby they were unable to agree on ways to assign themselves to various tasks. In fact, this had a significant impact on the project to an extent that it would have hampered the process of undertaking it. Nonetheless, the team leader of these groups had a conflict management skills and he was able to deal with the differences between these groups in a way that would facilitated their progress in accordance to their expectations. In conclusion, the cases that have been presented signify that importance of conflict management skill in working

Organizational Design Research Worksheet Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Organizational Design Research Worksheet - Essay Example National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) was the first company to implement a formal matrix structure. They implemented the matrix system in their space program because it needed to simultaneously implement different projects at the same time. A matrix structure was the best option for NASA because unlike other structures, the matrix structure was less bureaucratic, slow-moving or hierarchical. It also enabled them to make every department independent of each other by equipping them with their own staffing and financing resources (Teitel, 2002). This defied the old models that had a single department to cater for the entire organization making it mandatory for one to consult and await approval before embarking on any project. Despite the matrix structure benefits, there existed some downsides for the organization. Some employees found themselves reporting to more than one superior at the same time making it real confusing for them to execute decisions which overlapped. This brought about a lot of problems for both the superiors and the subordinates. There was also duplication of work within the organization because all projects seemed to be self-sufficient in running all their affairs including the preparation of paperwork. This meant that the organization had many departments performing a similar function for example all projects had their own finance department. Despite the cons of this structure the pros outweighed them and the model has been seen to be adopted by many more organizations since its formal implementation by NASA. NASA was therefore successful in the implementation of this design (John, 2008). The most traditional of all the models of organization structures was the functional structure. It is sometimes referred to as the bureaucratic structure because of the existence of a rigid chain of command. Of all the structures it is the least complicated and easiest to understand. It is characterized by the existence

What are fusion centers and how are these a part of homeland security Research Paper

What are fusion centers and how are these a part of homeland security Are they effective - Research Paper Example This goal can only be achieved successfully when the local law enforcement agencies work together with the federal intelligent agencies by sharing any threat information. This was clearly stressed in the 9/11 commission report. Former US president George, W. Bush on August 3, 2007 signed the 9/11 Commission Act of 2007. With reference to the 9/11 Commission Act, the department of homeland security should have formal discussions with program directors of information sharing context and the attorney general so as to create a state, local, and regional fusion centers initiates (Abbott and Hetzel,2010). The centers are made up of representatives from local law enforcement, state and federal agencies. Federal intelligence officers also form part of the centers. When the centers get any threat information from the federal government, it is their task to analyze the information, ensure the information is disseminated to the local agencies then gather inside information they have received, l eads given and the suspicious activity reporting by the public and also local agencies. The idea of fusion has sprung up as the most important process to enhance the ability of sharing information that assists in providing homeland security and also sharing of any information that helps in knowing of any criminal activities taking place and also sharing of intelligence (Abbott and Hetzel, 2010). The fusion process involves a comprehensive process of controlling the flow of any threat information and intelligence through different levels and sectors of the private agencies and the government. After receiving information from various sources, that is; the public, law enforcement agencies, and the private sector agencies; the information is then analyzed and afterwards turned into applicable knowledge. Fusion centers do not merge all federal databases that reveal personally recognizable information with

Common And Civil Law Legal Systems Law Essay

Common And Civil Law Legal Systems Law Essay In general, law is set of general rules, regulations and principles accepted in some community and to applicable only in its territory, which is written by legislative authority. There are a lot of functions of law in the society and business. Some of the roles of the law are to keep the peace, shaping the rules of conduct and moral standards, promoting social justice and individual freedom, facilitating planning and orderly change and also protecting the environment. Law has been developing through many centuries and always changing according to the communitys social life, traditions and moral principles. Nowadays there are as many legal systems as many number of countries in the world. However all countrys over the world developed and incorporated their own laws based on three main types of legal systems such as Civil law (Continental law), Common law and Religious (Islamic) law. All these three legal systems have their own features and histories which helps us to differentiate and learn easily. In this essay I am going to discuss two main legal systems Common and Civil Law Legal Systems and their criminal and civil procedures. Common Law Legal System Common Law Legal system is one of the most famous and widespreadly used system in the world.  [1]  En.wikipedia.org (2010) suggests that This system was originated from England in the Middle Ages and very common source of a lot of Western and Eastern countries such as United States of America (except Louisiana where English criminal law combined with French civil law), England, Ireland, Canada, Pakistan and Singapore which were colonized by British Empire. The main feature of the Common Law Legal System is that compare to other legal system the Judge is the main authority. . In this legal system the principles and rules of action based on decisions of courts made by judges and similar tribunals (similar cases) to decide future cases, rather than codified rules and legislations. Common law system these similar cases called as a precedent. The precedent which is might be applied to solve some problems is called as a binding precedent or mandatory precedent. Sometimes Judges in orde r to solve some cases uses not the exactly same precedents, but similar or precedents with some relevant information, such type of precedents called persuasive precedents. In some practical cases common law system is not ideal system to use, sometimes some controversial or more considerably complicated features may occur. Moreover, in Common law the decisions of the judge or court only compulsory within particular jurisdiction and some courts have more authority than others. The weight of court decisions also makes Common law different from Civil law system. By contrast, in civil law jurisdictions judge has more self-determination to interpret the given codification rather then predictability like common law system judges. Civil Law Legal System Civil (Continental) Law is a modern legal system originated by Roman law especially the system is derived from Code of Justinian, (during the Middle Ages the emperor Justinian played an important role on the development of the Civil Law System) as later developed by legal scholars later. This system is the most ancient and common legal system in the world. The main and unique feature of the Civil law is that it is collection of written and codified rules in the form of civil codes which are applied and interpreted by judges.  [2]   Criminal Procedures in Common and Civil Law Legal System Common Law and Civil Law Legal systems differ considerably in criminal procedure and civil procedures. Although some systems, including the Common legal system, let private individuals to bring a criminal prosecution against others, prosecutions are nearly always started by the state, in order to punish the defendant. However Civil law legal actions are started by private individuals, companies or organizations. The cases are usually in different courts, and juries are not commonly used in civil cases.  [3]   In both Common and Civil law systems the criminal procedures are significantly varies than in civil law systems. In criminal cases the government will be against the individuals the prosecutor will be on the sight of government and will protect the rights of the victims (society or government) and also in lower case actually the jury will be employed. In criminal procedures as a solution to the case Judge can decide the person who made crime to some sentence, such as fine, jail or time. In the next following sentences there is given how the criminal procedure will be taken in Common law legal systems according to the David Carnes: Prosecution Although a criminal defense lawyer is obligated to advocate the defendants interests, a prosecutor is obligated to seek justice even if it means refusing to charge or convict a defendant. Because of this, the decision of whether to prosecute rests solely with the prosecutor. Although most prosecutions are commenced in response to an arrest by the police of the filing of a criminal complaint by the police of a private citizen, a prosecutor has the authority to initiate prosecution unilaterally. Bail Bail is a sum of money that the defendant must pay to remain free between the bail hearing and the conclusion of the trial. The purpose of bail is to give the defendant a motive to show up at trial (in order to get the bail money back). Judges can set bail higher or lower depending on their estimate of how likely the defendant is to show up at trial. In many cases, bail is denied. Plea Bargaining A plea bargain is a written agreement in which the defendant agrees to plead guilty to a lesser charge, in exchange for which the prosecutor will recommend to the judge that the original charges be dropped and that a previously agreed upon sentence be imposed. The judge does not have to accept the prosecutors recommendations. Prosecutors are willing to plea bargain when they face busy trial dockets, and when the available evidence raises doubts about whether the defendant will be eventually convicted. Trial Practice Trials in common law countries are adversarial, meaning that the prosecution and the defense initiate almost all action while judges are relatively passive, acting as referees. For example, if the prosecution attempts to admit evidence that should be excluded under the rules of evidence, the evidence will normally be admitted anyway unless the defense objects to its admission. In this case, a convicted defendant may appeal on the basis that he received ineffective assistance of counsel. Although every criminal defendant is entitled to demand to be tried by a jury, if no demand for a jury trial is made then the judge will determine guilt or innocence. Sentencing Regardless of whether or not a jury is empanelled, the judge will determine the sentence (within statutorily defined ranges) if the defendant is convicted. The defendant is entitled to present evidence, such as good prior behavior or mitigating circumstances, that may convince the judge to imposed a lighter sentence.  [4]   Continental Legal Systems is the fundamental source of the Civil Procedure. It mainly refers to the civil law takes into account almost all the cases not related to criminal issues the laws almost all the cases which is not related to criminal issues such as business, estates, legal contracts, accidents and domestic issues and intended to protect individuals liberties and civil rights. Civil procedure refers only to the procedures, not the laws. In Civil procedure the role of lawyers are very important and it is specialized area of to practice them. However civil law and criminal law may overlap each other. In such cases the problem will be judged under both criminal and civil procedures. For instance, if the bus driver hits the people walking on the street and kills that person he can be tried in criminal court for killing the innocent people and the victims family members be able to give him to the court for the same case under the civil procedure. Conclusion In conclusion, I would like to state that law is very controversial and very complicated subject to learn. How deep you learn it you will discover more questions to answer. Sometimes you can discover such laws which can overlap each other.

Reader Response to Wells’ The Time Machine :: Time Machine

Reader Response to Wells’ The Time Machine As a Christian, I don't personally believe in evolution in general; I don't think humans evolved from a lower life form and I don't think we will be here for another 800,000 years to evolve into anything else. But the logical scientist in me is nonetheless intrigued at the possibilities presented in The Time Machine. So what would happen to the human race a few hundred millennia from now? Would it divide into two distinct races that live separately from one another as Wells describes? I personally don't think this would happen. The human race seems to have a stubborn quality about it -- anytime there is a challenge or obstacle to face, we tend to try to overcome it in one way or another. I remember reading somewhere recently (I can't remember where) that humans have a natural tendency to resist captivity or oppression. This is why slavery is never permenent, and the history of man is littered with uprisings and revolts. This line of thinking begs the question: if indeed the Morlocks were forced underground at one point or another, why did they stay there? Even if they accepted their new environment without question, they were going to run out of food eventually -- no sun means no plants or vegetables, correct? This is where the Time Traveler presumes that the Morlocks began to feed on the Eloi out of necessity. But wouldn't the Morlocks just return to the surface at this point? Why would they stay underground if their only food was on the surface? It doesn't seem to make sense. Nevertheless, the year 802,701 as envisioned by Wells is fascinating. I have always loved good stories, especially imaginative ones, and I must admit that The Time Machine has become one of my favorite works of literature. Along these same lines, I have to agree with what Michael wrote in the first part of his journal entry. I, too, am not a fan of overanalyzing works of literature. For me good stories are just that -- stories. Don't get me wrong, there are many cases where looking past the surface of a book is appropriate -- for example Animal Farm is obviously allegory, and The Jungle by Upton Sinclair is not so obviously a book promoting socialism. But sometimes I think that critics are digging too deep into literature and finding things that just aren't there, nor did the author intend for them to be there.

Impacts of Video Game

A video game is an electronic game that involves human interaction with a user interface to generate visual feedback on a video device (Wikipedia, 2011). With many types of games, there are many different effects that affect our life and most of them are bad. The first and also the most dangerous problem is violence. According to Dr. Craig Anderson (2003), violent video games may have even stronger effects on children's aggression for many reasons. He says that video games are highly interactive and engaging.In the other hand, many games reward for violent behaviors and because children repeat these behaviors again and again, they become more violent (Craig Anderson, 2003). Share the same idea with Anderson, Barlett (2009) describes five negative effects of video games and violence is the most dangerous effect. Violent video games is causally related to aggressive thoughts, physiological arousal, aggressive behavior, and antisocial behavior, as a result, children become more violent and they can’t control their action.Besides, there is a strong connection between violent video games and narcissism. Highly narcissistic individuals may act more violent after playing violent video games (Barlett, 2009). It seems like almost attacks are directed to the violent video game but there are some different opinions. One study by University of Rochester (N. Y. ) researchers Daphne Bavelier and C. Shawn Green(2010) on the first-person shooter game â€Å"Unreal Tournament† found that players improved perceptual and attention skills by playing that game.It gives player some highly mental skills like problem solving, logic, quick thinking, making fast analysis and decisions. They found that playing pro-social games led to more subsequent â€Å"helping† behavior in users (Daphne Bavelier, 2010). These researchers’ opinions may right but this problem doesn’t stop there. The author of the research â€Å"The good and the bad effects of video gam es† (raisesmartkid. com, 2010) points out that the effects of video games on children is worsened by the games interactive nature. Children are rewarded for being more violent.In some other ways, violent video games affect our social life. We may spend less time in other activities such as doing homework, sports and interacting with the family and friends (raisesmartkid. com, 2010). â€Å"GTA series† is the best example for this problem. In this game, we can do everything we want like stole a car or kill people. Although many people agree with this opinion, we cannot deny the beneficial side of it. â€Å"For the U. S military, video games get serious† (Albert Rizzo, 2011). 2. 1. 2 Affect our health. The second problem is our health.Video games affect not only our behavior, feeling but also our body. According to Dr. Mohamed K. Khan (2006), in Great Britain, those between the ages of 7 and 19 were associated with a 1. 1 per 100,000 risks for experiencing a light-i nduced seizure. However, those in the same age range who played video games experienced a 1. 5 per 100,000 risk. Dr. Khan also finds out that video games affect our movement. Our muscles become smaller because when we play video game, our body doesn’t need to work, as a result, our body become weaker than the normal person (Mohamed K.Khan, 2006). 2. 1. 3 Become addicted. The last problem is video game addiction. With many bad effects, why game still becomes an addiction and make us spend all day for it? Dr. Charles Ungerleider (2007) explains that â€Å"they're very compelling with increasing complexity, so a child becomes more facile, yet wants to know more and apply new skills. † While wanting to improve their game isn't a problem in itself, it becomes one if video games are â€Å"taking a youngster away too much from other activities,† says Ungerleider. (Dr. Charles Ungerleider, 2007).According to the author of the research â€Å"The good and the bad effects of video games† (raisesmartkid. com, 2010), video games addiction will affect our social life. We spend all day to play video games and it will destroy our social skill (raisesmartkid. com, 2010). 2. 2 Solutions. 2. 2. 1 Buyers check the game carefully. According to the author of the research â€Å"The good and bad effects of video games†, Buyers should check the game carefully. Every video game has the Rating and buyers should check it before buying that game.The government divides video games into 6 levels, and each level suitable for each group of age. We also need to note the title and the cover picture. The reviews of the game are important and because of that reason, we should search for the game in the internet before decide to buy it. Some websites will give score of the game so choose prestigious websites. The information from these websites is very useful. It will give the buyer the day that the game is released or the type of that game.Buyer can watch the ga me review or play the demo of the game and it will give the buyer some experiences before decide to buy that game (raisesmartkid. com, 2010). 2. 2. 2 Players do more exercise to improve your help. Because of the bad effect of video games on our health, we should do more exercises to train our body. 1 hour per day for morning exercise will make our muscles stronger. In addition, some leisure activities like swimming, walking, fishing also well for your health (Pietro Galassetti and the other researchers, 2001). 2. 2. Players need family power. According to Los Angeles-based psychotherapist Robert Butterworth (2010) ,dysfunctional parenting, children with little guilt, and accessibility to firearms with little parental supervision can create violent children. â€Å"Most children who commit violent crime show an early combination of personality and family factors that include having trouble getting along with playmates in preschool,† ( Robert Butterworth , 2010). Therefore, pare nt should limit the amount of time their children play video games or set a password for their computer.According to the author of the research â€Å"Create a strong password†, the password should have eight characters or more and try to put more uncommon characters. However, some children can break the password easily because they have some hacking skill. Because of that reason, parent should learn some way to power up your password. There are four steps that will make your password stronger. Step one is use a full sentence. After that, parent should remove all the spaces between the words. Next step is turning words into shorthand.And finally, you should put some numbers that meaningful to you (Microsoft. om, 2011). If you think the password can’t stop your children from playing video game, you should use some software to lock the computer. In the other hand, parent should give their children a variety entertaining things to learn from, so they will be addicted to vi deo games. Children should join the other leisure activities like soccer, fishing, and swimming. If you think your children addict to play video games, you should send them to some Game Quitting Programs. Tran Nguyen (2009), reporter of Viet Nam news, says that these programs will focus on maintaining and enhancing feelings.Most of the students of these programs had quit video games while the others had moderated the time they spent playing (Tran Nguyen, 2009). 3. Conclusion The findings reveal that Video games have many bad effects. These effects affect not only our behavior but also our health. Video games become an addiction, a national issue. However, we still can avoid these bad effects with some solutions like game checking system, morning exercises and parent s’ responsibility. With these solutions, we can control the problem and make it become a powerful tool for everybody around the world.

Personal Security Essay Example

Personal Security Essay Example Personal Security Essay Personal Security Essay Name of Student Name of Instructor Tutor: Date: Personal Security Internet’s Perception of the Program The internet perceives this software as a child and employee-monitoring software put in place in order to record all passwords, emails, chat, keystrokes and other activities that require the use of a keyboard. Such functional keys as ctrl and alt are also recorded. When to Use an On-Screen Keyboard The major use of an on-screen keyboard is to allow the users to type even without the presence of a physical keyboard. The on-screen keyboard is also used as an emulation software’s features. This commonly occurs in systems incorporation fewer buttons as compared to a normal computer keyboard. In most cases, they are used by people who have disabilities. Multi-lingual or bi-lingual computer users frequently use this device. This is because they frequently move between diverse alphabets or character sets. Its ease in manipulation according to the user’s likes/preferences also makes it convenient for security purposes. Such features are not found in the normal keyboard. When to use a Scrambler Scramblers aids in the inversion or transposing of signals. In other words, they encode messages in order to make them incomprehensible for those lacking the appropriate devices to unscramble them. However, these devices are mostly used in the analog system. Scramblers can therefore be used in facilitation of the clock recovery process. These also include other circuits that are adaptive and the automatic gain control. In order to eliminate the dependency on the power spectrum signal where the precise transmitted data takes place, one might also use the scramblers. This makes the data more dispersed. Strengths of Keypass One of the main strengths is that it allows the translation of all the utility content. These contents include buttons, options, and menus. It also has a reliable security system that is frequently used by users globally. Additionally, the mode with Keypass is simple to use yet it does not compromise security. This makes it a good use for both individual and corporations. Keypass can also be customized to one’s language. This makes it relevant to the majority of the people living globally. Keypass Weaknesses It still has a security risk since it is not a hundred percent secure way of securing the computers. Why I would use it I would use Keypass because it is easy to use at an individual user’s level yet it does not compromise security. I can also customize it to another language apart from English thus minimize the security risks. Public Key Associated with the digital Certificate The certificate conveying the public key is associated with identified individuals therefore, unidentified individuals may not be able to view the public key. Additionally, if the certificate is not issued by a trusted authority, there will be difficulty in the key’s distribution. Embedding public key in a digital certificate This action allows the protection of the public key from impersonators. This is done by linking and binding the public key with ones identity. Expiration Date of the Root Certificate Root certificates are superior to the web certificates since they are given by certificate authorities. The root certificate are required if a company is to be issued the web certificate. For this reason since the root certificate are long-term, they will have a longer expiry date as compared to the short-term web certificates Trusted Root Certification Authority This is an entity, which verifies digital certificates through a trust chain. It acts like the trust anchor. Why so many Root Certification Authorities Apart from it being a business, there are different activities globally using digital devices. With the inclusion of commerce in the system, the authorities take care of the growing demands. However, fraudulent authorities are also present. People need to know the difference. How to effect on-line personal security on-line security is a requisite in personal security settings. The adoption of proper patch management ,personal firewall settings and windows encryption is the first step here. After completion of the last step,Qualys,belarc and windows installation for the required operating system should be checked.

Hollywoods Latest Flop The newest innovation is an internet based service called Movielink Essay Example

Hollywoods Latest Flop The newest innovation is an internet based service called Movielink Essay Example Hollywoods Latest Flop The newest innovation is an internet based service called Movielink Essay Hollywoods Latest Flop The newest innovation is an internet based service called Movielink Essay It is no mystery why CD sales have dropped so significantly in recent years. Through P2P (person to person) networks such as Morpheus, Napster, and Kazaa, there is no reason to buy a CD when one can just download it for free. Movie studio executives fear they are next in this wave of digital sharing. The newest innovation is an Internet-based service called MovieLink. MovieLink is a service that enables customers to rent and download movies to a PC. It was basically designed to inhibit people from pirating movies. The prices range from $1.99-$5.45. There are many problems with this service. The user interface is arranged in a very odd manner, with movies under genre headings, such as romance and action. That is the only method to find movies as well. There is no search button. It can be inferred that most of the five studios that are running MovieLink do not know what they are doing. Also, the movie files are very tedious to download. Movies are almost 1 GB (gigabyte) big, and even with a DSL line or cable line, it still takes an extremely long time to download. Another problem is that the movies expire very quickly. A customer may only have a movie for a day before it expires. This is very frustrating since it takes around 5 hours to download a movie via DSL. In addition, MovieLink has an awful help service that only worsens the already awful appeal of its confusing user interface. All in all, MovieLink is a very unappealing service that is sure to fail quickly. At first, MovieLink will seem interesting to many consumers. New technology always grasps the consumers at first and the demand curve and supply curve of MovieLink will increase, moving to the left and to the right, respectively. In the long run, however, consumers will become discouraged due to the confusing nature of the program. They will turn to more reliable substitute sources, such as In Demand movies on TV, movie rental stores such as Blockbuster, or even the P2P networks. In a world of piracy, MovieLink, for now, is the best form of combat that movie studios can afford. With easier accessibility and speed, it may stand a slim chance of surviving. Eventually, however, movie studios will have no choice but to accept that piracy will always exist and there is nothing they can do to change that.

Religion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 16

Religion - Essay Example Christ had a confrontation with Satan before the beginning of his public life. It is named as the temptation of Christ in the wilderness. He could surpass the temptations of Satan and started his mission of saving the humanity from the clutches of sin. The mythical experience that he had in the wilderness after the fasting of forty days and nights remains to be a key point in The Bible and it is considered to be the beginning of his teachings. The Holy Gospels of Matthew, Mark, and Luke describe the temptation of Jesus Christ prior to his career as teaching. The Gospel of Matthew and Luke give the detailed description of the incident. The Gospel of Matthew Chapter 4 words 1 to 11 detail the temptation of Jesus in the wilderness. The Gospel says, â€Å"He fasted forty days and forty nights, and afterwards he was famished.† (Matthew 4. 2) Satan appeared before him and offered three gifts on three conditions. Satan asked him to change the stones to loaves if Jesus is the son of God and Jesus retorted by stating, â€Å"One does not live by bread alone, but by every word that comes from the mouth of God.† (Matthew. 4. 4). As Jesus surpassed the first temptation, the devil took him to the pinnacle of the temple in the holy city and asked Jesus to jump from the top if he is the son of God stating the angels will carry him. Jesus said to Satan, â€Å"Again it is written, do not put the Lord your God to the test.â⠂¬ (Matthew.4.6) Then Satan took Jesus to a very high mountain and showed all the kingdoms and their splendor and promised him these entire places if he adores Satan. Jesus rebuked the devil to go away and by stating that only God is to be worshipped and served. (Matthew 4.8-10). When Jesus came over all these temptations Satan left him. This makes that Jesus was able to come over all sorts of human emotions and temptations and it gave him great impetus to venture into his mission of saving the humanity. The temptation of Jesus Christ is a highly

Play and Pedagogy (Early Childhood Education) Essay

Play and Pedagogy (Early Childhood Education) - Essay Example Understanding the quote presented in the module at 4.1.2 - "....curriculum is what happens in an educational environment - not what is rationally planned to happen, but what actually takes place." , it can be said that the curriculum comprises the whole early childhood programme. It covers a broad spectrum - from how the physical environment is designed, which skills are targeted to be developed in the children, which concepts and activities are appropriate for the age group, what are the routines to be included and how one transitions from one activity to another. Early childhood settings may be particularly challenging to plan a curriculum for, as the learners are very young and may be at various stages of development. Each age may be a different stage in early childhood as children grow up rapidly in all domains. Group settings at preschools or day care centres may have various ideas of how to provide group care and education. In this particular paper, curriculum shall be discusse d in terms of meeting children where they are at. The situation to be studied falls under a constructivist approach of learning which puts the learner in charge of â€Å"constructing† his or her own learning with the able help of a nurturing educator who provides her class with much challenge to their potentials. An ideal early childhood curriculum considers various factors in its planning and implementation. The writer shall discuss what she deems essential aspects of the early childhood curriculum based on observations of how very young children learn and various theoretical frameworks culled from literature. It will enumerate the roles, responsibilities and benefits to stakeholders in early childhood education, specifically that of the children themselves and the teacher-practitioners who are in charge of creating the curriculum. Specifically, the writer believes the following are the

Information Security Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Information Security - Term Paper Example Based on the nature of the information, we can classify information into two board categories; private and public. Public information are open to anybody since it may not cause any harm to the public and hence it is not necessary to protect it whereas private information are intended for a specific group of people and hence it should be protected from unauthorized use. Private information can be manipulated, modified or misused in many ways for personal gains and such manipulations may cause immense problems to others and hence it is necessary to protect it from unauthorized use. Most of the current organizations store their information on computers. Staff details, client lists, salaries, bank account details, marketing and sales information etc are currently stored in the computers. If this volatile or sensitive information come in the hands of the competitors, an organization may suffer a lot. So, most of the organizations are currently spend enormous amount of money for information security. This paper briefly analyses the necessity of information security in modern organizations. Computers, peripherals and networks are essential equipments in modern organizations for the communication and data/information storing purposes. No organization can survive in the current world without using computers and internet. But the major disadvantage in using computers for storing information is the possibility of leakage confidential information. There are people who accepted hacking as their main revenue source and they are capable of breaking the firewalls created for the protection of the information stored in a computer. It is easy for a hacker to break the firewalls and plant viruses inside a computer apart from taking out all the information he or she wants. Earlier information security solutions mainly focused on preventing the external threats. But currently organizations realized that internal threat is as important as the

Growth Performance Management Essay Example for Free

Growth Performance Management Essay In this report I have given a lot of research into the relevant subjects. I think that the way I have looked at the possibilities will help Helen Marsh and Brian Taylor overcome some of the obstacles in their organisation in order to make there business successful. Suggestions on what you should be specifically looking at in order to make your business a success, in my view would be the try to improve employee attitudes and training for employees. I think I have covered all the points that you have given me in depth if I have not apologies on my behalf. Introduction- Aims of the Report The aim of this report is to show Helen Marsh and Brian Taylor the problems of their business in more detail than the report give (case study). I will outline and investigate further into the following matters: * Growth * Performance Management * Performance Appraisal Systems and Motivation * Motivation * Rewards * Employee Turnover/Retention * Training and Development * Communication Growth To consider the growth of Brian and Helens company, we will look need to examine into the PEST (Political, Economical, Social and Technological factors) and SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats) analysis for this company, this will help us identify if the company should continue to grow. By understanding about the SWOT and PEST analysis this will show us key information and help us identify some of the problems with the business. SWOT Analysis: SWOT Analysis is a very effective way of identifying your Strengths and Weaknesses, and of examining the Opportunities and Threats you face. Carrying out an analysis using the SWOT framework helps you to focus your activities into areas where you are strong and where the greatest opportunities lie. SWOT Analysis is a strategic method for identifying your businesses Strengths and Weaknesses, and to examine the Opportunities and Threats. These are just some of the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats there may be more if you feel that there are, pleases do not hesitate to call me we can discuss these further. By reading the report that you gave me (case study) I found more weaknesses than strengths. This is not bad as this shows you that you can improve on these to make your business a success. Read more:Â  Difference Between Performance Management and Performance Appraisal PEST Analysis: It is very important that an organisation considers its environment before beginning the marketing and decision planning process. In fact, environmental analysis should be continuous and feed all aspects of planning. The SWOT analysis shows a lot of weaknesses in the business, the points that I have mentioned in the SWOT analysis affect the future growth of the business. I think that if you over come the weaknesses that are outlined in the SWOT analysis this will help improve and develop the company significantly because the employee would contribute to the full potential and would also create a good working environment which means less staff turnover. I suggest that you should postpone in growing for the moment and consider improving on the weaknesses that I outlined in the SWOT analysis. I suggest that you should consider growing in the future rather than now. I found out that: Weakness are not necessarily indicating bad things of the organization but showing a path to a better future. ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR (1990) Northcraft. G page 437 You should consider improving the weaknesses into strengths as this would be beneficial in the future when you should consider to grow (it is not necessary yet) by improving weaknesses the business would function better and more advantages would be gained such as more share and profit. Performance Management In the report given to me (case study) I see that you have a problem on monitoring the field based staff. This is a important issue as the staff may or may not be doing what you have told them this would cause all sorts of issues with your company for example you may be losing money, valuable resources and time. Field based staff may be difficult to manage but there are ways. Staff that work in the office are easier to evaluate on what and how that are doing. When managing or monitoring employees you have to be aware of their privacy and not to breach that mutual line as this may inevitably cause conflict in the work place. But When you cant be present to observe employee performance, be sure that you have the right processes in place through which you can learn about how theyre doing this can be undertaken for field based staff also. These processes should be open, fair, and understood by everyone. Options for obtaining input about performance in your absence may include, but are not limited to, the following: * Evaluate the output and products of the employees work. * Have routine one-on-one meetings with your employee and include discussions of performance. * Every so often review and discuss with your employee the standards of performance for his or her job and your expectations. * Ask your employee to do periodic reports and share them with you for discussion. * Obtain feedback from customers in writing when possible. * Do brief stand-up check-ins or phone calls to field based staff as well as office based staff. * Ask an appropriate person who is present day-to-day to serve as a work leader or give the person authority to act in your stead, and ensure that everyone understands the persons role. * Perform routine spot checks of the employee at work. * Ask for confidential evaluations of employee performance by peers (or direct reports of supervisors). This process should be clearly understood by everyone and applied fairly to all. Performance Appraisal Systems and Motivation Performance appraisal systems are designed to serve the companys and employees interests. They are used to inventory the abilities and resources of employees and to let an employee know where he stands so that he will be stimulated to improve his performance. Employee motivation can be enhanced and performance improved with the monitoring of employees performance level and the use of feedback to advise those employees about their effectiveness. Performance feedback exchanges can be ongoing and informal, on a day-to-day coaching basis or on a formal basis, annually. I found this statement: ..Employers want to be sure their employees are doing a good job, but employees dont want their every sneeze or there trip to the toilet logged Managing People 2nd edition Tomson. R I think that employee monitoring is acceptable to a reasonable level but should nod be exceeded. I used to work at KFC (Kentucky Fried Chicken) and the manager was constantly monitoring me and other staff that work there. I can understand this as people in other restaurants have tampered with food for example a Mc Donalds restaurant in USA Mississippi once was shut down because of food tampering. So to some degree a lot of monitoring needs to be undertaken. But I think you should use some of the procedures I have given for example I would recommend these: * Perform routine spot checks of the employee at work. * Obtain feedback from customers in writing when possible some sort of feed back sheet of possibly a questionnaire * Do brief stand-up check-ins or phone calls to field based staff * Ask your employee to do periodic reports and share them with you for discussion. Motivation Staff motivation is the one of the most significant factors in managing people. No one style is better than another for motivating employees, but it is essential that leaders are aware of their staff motivation style and are able to adapt for different circumstances. Some circumstances will call for a strong direction to inspire staff motivation other circumstances will call for staff motivation to be influenced by a more advice-giving approach. The necessary skill is in knowing what motivates people and satisfying the needs of individuals and groups at a given time. Staff motivation in regard to reward and recognition means taking account of and balancing the needs of the organisation and its objectives as well as the needs of the people expected to achieve those objectives. One of the worlds most successful Software and Hardware entrepreneurs stated: When we create a desirable workplace and find good ways to have work/life balance, well attract and well retain the best people and thats our competitive advantage. Lewis Platt, CEO, Hewlett-Packard (1001 Ways to Reward Employees 2000) Source: www.nelson-motivation.com/hpackard/ceo Hear is an example of a motivational theory: Douglas McGregor, was a American social psychologist, he proposed his famous X-Y theory in his 1960 book The Human Side of Enterprise . Theory X and theory Y are still referred to commonly in the field of management and motivation. Mc Gregors X-Y Theory remains a valid basic principle from which to develop positive management style and techniques. McGregors XY Theory remains central to organisational development, and to improving organisational culture. McGregors Theory X and Theory Y THEORY X THEORY Y 1. Workers must be supervised as closely as possible, either through direct oversight or by tight reward and/or punishment systems. 1. People usually do not require close supervision and will, if given a chance to control their own activities, be productive, satisfied, and fulfilled. 2. Work is objectionable to most people. 2. Work is natural and enjoyable unless it is made offensive by the actions of organisations. 3. Most people have little initiative, have little capacity for being creative or solving organisational problems, do not want to have responsibilities, and prefer being directed by someone else. 3. People are ambitious, desire autonomy and self-control, and can use their abilities to solve problems and help their organisations meet their goals. Creativity is distributed normally across the population, just as is any other characteristic. 4. People are motivated by economic factors and a need for security. 4. People are motivated by a variety of needs only some of which involve economics or security. Figure Obtained from: MANAGING PEOPLE R. Tompson, 2nd Ed, Pub: Institute of Management I think that employee motivation in regard to reward and recognition means taking account of and balancing the needs of the organisation and its objectives as well as the needs of the people expected to achieve those objectives. I think that motivation should also have been included in the SWOT analysis. I think you should also consider how you can motivate staff you could use the web site I have given above for more information. The more you motivate staff the better they will work, this will also help with the monitoring of employees. You should also consider looking at the various patterns used by managers to encourage motivation in the work place, for a good example see Appendix 3. Rewards There are a staggering amount of reward types and schemes, you just have to make sure you have the right ones chosen for your business because performance of staff is the key to the success of any organisation. One of the main rewards that I think is relevant for your business is PRP (Performance Related Pay) One of the key contributors to effective performance is a well-designed performance management process. Such a process should incorporate objective setting, the day-to-day management of performance, the review or appraisal of performance, and rewarding performance. Your employees are your most important asset, they are the people who shape and form the companys future. Rewarding staff can develop healthy in-house competition between individuals, teams or even departments. Another major factor in rewards are employment benefit packages. Reward and incentive programs are a popular part of employee benefit packages. Many employees value such offerings as flexible scheduling, tuition assistance, and child care in order to satisfy personal needs and professional development. I think that you too should consider re designing your employment package. Nowadays society, it is becoming more and more common to support these reward systems with the overall business strategy of an organisation in order to satisfy business needs and to improve shareholder value. In addition, many organisations are developing or restructuring their rewards programs based on employee performance. This trend is likely to continue as costs continue to increase and competition continues to thrive in a highly unpredictable economy. Some other useful reward types that can be used are as follows: Social Rewards: Which include praise, employee recognition, and social acceptance within the business. Psychic rewards: Which include self esteem, job satisfaction, and feelings of accomplishments You could also give piece-rate pay, commissions, merit pay and bonuses. When I was talking about the business and how it will grow in Conclusion of Growth in the first part I think that in order for the business to grow you need the best employees you can get. So you would need to have the reward schemes that the employees are looking for. I the way you are rewarding employees at the moment is not working in fact I know it is not working I think you should use the PRP (Performance Related Pay) method, and also consider giving annual bonuses. Also if you give PRP (Performance Related Pay) you will sort out the problem you have with the monitoring of Field based staff as they too will be attracting more customers for the business. You should also give bonuses if the company is making a stable profit as this would encourage more work to be completed. Employee Turnover/Retention One of the most difficult problems companies had to cope with in the increasingly volatile business climate of the 1990s was the high rate of employee turnover. When employees, particularly long-term employees leave a company that has made a substantial investment in them, they take with them training, skills, experience, and productivity. Output is inevitably diminished during the training process of new employees, no matter how qualified. additionally, a high level of workplace turnover rends the types of social bonds that encourage other employees come to work and maintain their normal levels of productivity. ..In todays workplace, employers are not only having a hard time attracting employees, but are also having a difficult time keeping them.. (Harkins, 1998) I found out that employees leave for a variety of reasons, including poor supervision, unchallenging positions, limited advancement opportunities, lack of recognition, limited control over work, perceived pay inequity, and the perception of more favorable opportunities in other companies. Measuring Absence Obtained from: MANAGING HUMAN RESOURCES J. Weightman, 2nd Ed, (1996), Pub: Cromwell Press This overall figure, however, leaves many questions unanswered. For example, is the absence rate a reflection of a few employees suffering from long-term ill-health or are a substantial number of employees being regularly absent for relatively short spells? A more in depth way to monitor absence and retention is give in Appendix 1. Hear I found some of the ways in which to help with retention: * Align your employees with company goals and visions * Establish department goals and standards * Set employee goals and performance measurements * Conduct performance reviews that test the established goals * Train managers to effectively coach their staff * Identify barriers find strengths to build upon * Isolate key performance gaps and craft a plan to improve performance * Define the relationship between job satisfaction, goal alignment and individual performance growth I suggest that you should consider some of the points above in order to combat turnover/retention. You should regularly try to monitor staff absence. Try to make the rate as nearer to 8.5 % as possible if it goes over this may be critical to the business. You should have a maximum number of days for employees to comply by, for example I work as Safeway Petrol station in the Penn, employees there are only allocated 50 hours off of work (excluding sick or acceptable absence). You should check out Appendix 1 in how to measure turnover and retention in your organisation. Training and Development There are a number of advantages to training and development and this is another point that was added in the SWOT analysis that needed to be improved in order for the business to function properly and effectively. Training has become the most important feature of a successful organisation. Training is necessary because it improves profitability and/ or more positive attitudes towards profit orientation. Enhances the job knowledge and skills at all levels of the organisation. The work force gets a high morale. Due to proper training employees can identify with organisational goals, corporate image gets improved. Training fosters realism, openness and trust. A boss an the subordinates get to work in a better environment and relationship. Some typical reasons for employee training and development can be initiated for a variety of reasons for an employee or group of employees, for example: * When a performance appraisal indicates performance improvement is needed * To benchmark the status of improvement so far in a performance improvement effort * As part of an overall professional development program * As part of succession planning to help an employee be eligible for a planned change in role in the organisation * To pilot, or test, the operation of a new performance management system * To train about a specific topic I found out some key topics for employee Training and Development they are as follows: * Communication- The increasing diversity of todays workforce brings a wide variety of languages and customs. * Computer skills- Computer skills are becoming a requirement for conducting administrative and office tasks. * Customer service- Increased competition in todays global marketplace makes it critical that employees understand and meet the needs of customers. * Diversity- Diversity training usually includes explanation about how people have different perspectives and views, and includes techniques to value diversity * Ethics- Todays society has increasing expectations about corporate social responsibility. Also, todays diverse workforce brings a wide variety of values and morals to the workplace. By giving the appropriate training and development you can gain a lot of advantages. The general benefits from Employee Training and Development are: * Increased job satisfaction and morale among employees * Increased employee motivation * Increased efficiencies in processes, resulting in financial gain * Increased capacity to adopt new technologies and methods * Increased innovation in strategies and products * Reduced employee turnover * Enhanced company image, e.g., conducting ethics training (not a good reason for ethics training!) * Risk management, e.g., training about sexual harassment, diversity training I think that training aids in developing leadership skill, motivation, loyalty, better attitudes and other aspects that successful workers and managers usually display which we discussed earlier in the report. The quality of work is also increased and so is the productivity. Its cost effective as well, it cuts costs in different areas e.g. production, personnel, administration etc. it develops a sense of responsibility to the organisation for being capable and knowledgeable. Labor management is also improved, as workers instead of feeling ignored, feel taken care of which develops a sense of loyalty Communication Effective communication skills are vital for success in a business environment with most business people being engaged in some form of communication activity most of the time reading, listening, writing or talking. Business communication is, however, different from educational or literary writing and speaking it requires precision, clarity and efficiency since business people just do not have the time to savor an idea or an expression. Moreover, unethical behavior in the workplaces arising from the lack of ethical communication by the top management to the first-line supervisors proves the fact that employees are either directly or indirectly rewarded for unethical acts or harshly abandoned for going against the norm of practicing corruption (Zimmerman: Jansen and Von Glinow, 2001, p. 119). As explained in this text that I researched into, Jansen and Von Glinow through their in-depth study that encouraging counter norms in an organisation is also a form of promoting corrupt standards in a company in order to save the firms name or to avoid charges by this means reflecting the decreasing ethical communication in organisations. There are many factors that help establish an organisations ability and skill in maintaining the stability and organisation among its employees/members. One of these factors includes attaining an organisational communication process through effective communication skills. The most prominent forms used by most organisations are the development of verbal and non-verbal communication since these are the most obvious ways of communication that provide a dialogue for employees and the management in an organisation. However, what is not realized by both the employees and management is that listening is one important communication aspect that precedes verbal and non-verbal communication. I think that in order to attain effective communication verbally or non-verbally, communicators must first learn to listen in order to assess carefully the issues at hand and the required action that must be taken. If you have a look at Appendix 2 it shows you different types of communication processes. I would recommend that you try to focus on the complete network as this would make communications in your business better. Overall Report Conclusion and my Recommendations I think overall this is what we should be doing in order to maintain and run a successful business: * Growth- we should not be growing just yet as there are to many problems as indicated in the SWOT analysis. We should be improving on the weaknesses and consider to grow and expand in the future. * Performance Management- monitoring needs to be undertaken but only to some degree that is acceptable by you and the employees. But I think you should use some of the procedures that I have indicated in this previous section (please refer to Conclusion for Performance Management). * Performance Appraisal Systems and Motivation- Performance appraisal systems are designed to serve the companys and employees interests. * Motivation- You have to consider Douglas McGregor Theory X and Theory Y. to offer the best motivation go through the chart that I have drawn and consider what you can do to have a successful motivated staff. Look at Appendix 3 for patterns of managerial approaches to motivation. * Rewards- if you offer better rewards and better benefit packages then Turnover/Retention will be low, and employees will work more and contribute their highest potential. * Employee Turnover/Retention- you need to make sure that you monitor employees sickness and absenteeism and make sure it dose not go over 8% Check Appendix 1. * Training and Development- if you train and develop employees better the function of your business will be better, you should try to encourage more employees to gain different skills and knowledge. You should also try to offer recognised qualifications. * Communication- look at Appendix 2 I recommend that you try to bring in the process of complete network communication. There are numerous factors that help conclude an organisations ability and skill in maintaining the stability and organisation among its employees/members, one of these factors includes attaining an organisational communication process through effective communication skills. References I recommend that you look at the following text as this will help you improve on the factors mentioned in this report and also help you with difficult decisions about your business. I recommend looking at this text: ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR: INDVIDUALS, GROUPS AND THE ORGANISATION I. Brooks (1999) 1st Ed, Pub: Financial Times HUMAN RESOURCE STRATAGIES Salman, (1998) Pub: The Open University MANAGING PEOPLE R. Tompson, 2nd Ed, Pub: Institute of Management ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR: A MANAGEMENT CHALLENGE G.B.Northcroft M.A.Neale (1990), Pub: Ronda Colour PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT GA Cole, 4th Ed (1997), Pub: Ashford Colour Press MANAGING HUMAN RESOURCES J. Weightman, 2nd Ed, (1996), Pub: Cromwell Press The following Web-Sites are useful also: www.bized.com www.hrmang.co.uk www.humanrecourses.co.uk/text/hrissues www.resourcemanage.co.uk